ASWB LCSW Social Work Clinical Practice Exam

What is the focus of the stage Trust vs. Mistrust in Erikson's theory?

1. Consistency of caregiver

2. Development of independence

3. Formation of identity

4. Exploration of intimacy

The correct answer is: Consistency of caregiver

In Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the stage of Trust vs. Mistrust primarily emphasizes the importance of consistent and reliable caregiving in establishing a sense of trust in infants. During this stage, which occurs from birth to approximately 18 months, an infant is dependent on caregivers for sustenance, comfort, and security. If caregivers are nurturing, responsive, and consistently meet the child’s needs, the child develops a sense of trust towards their environment and the people within it. Conversely, if the caregiving is erratic, neglectful, or abusive, the child may develop a sense of mistrust toward caregivers and the world. This foundational stage significantly impacts the child's future emotional and relational development, influencing their ability to form healthy relationships and perceive the world as a safe place. The other options relate to different stages in Erikson's model rather than Trust vs. Mistrust. For instance, the development of independence relates to the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage, the formation of identity is relevant to the Identity vs. Role Confusion stage, and intimacy exploration pertains to the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage. Each of these stages builds on the trust established in the earlier stage, underscoring its critical importance